What Percentage Registered Voters Are 18-24 Years Old

Congressional voting trends by race and age in the United States, 1966–2010

The youth vote in the United States is the accomplice of 18–24 yr-olds as a voting demographic.^[one] Many policy areas specifically touch on the youth of the United States, such equally education problems and the juvenile justice system.^[ii] The general tendency in voter turnout for American elections has been decreasing for all age groups, but "young people's participation has taken the biggest nosedive".^[3] This depression youth turnout is part of the generational tendency of voting activity. Young people have the lowest turnout, though every bit the private ages, turnout increases to a pinnacle at the historic period of fifty and so falls again.^[4] E'er since 18-year-olds were given the right to vote in 1972, youth have been under represented at the polls as of 2003.^[1] In 1976, 1 of the first elections in which 18-yr-olds were able to vote, 18–24 year-olds made upwardly 18 percentage of all eligible voters in America, but simply thirteen percent of the actual voters – an under-representation of one-third.^[one] In the next election in 1978, youth were under-represented by 50 percent. "Seven out of ten young people…did non vote in the 1996 presidential election… xx percent below the general turnout."^[5] In 1998, out of the thirteen percent of eligible youth voters in America, only five percent voted.^[1] During the competitive presidential race of 2000, 36 percent of youth turned out to vote and in 2004, the "banner year in the history of youth voting," 47 percent of the American youth voted.^[three] In the Autonomous primaries for the 2008 U.Due south. presidential election, the number of youth voters tripled and even quadrupled in some states compared to the 2004 elections.^[6] In 2008, Barack Obama spoke about the contributions of young people to his ballot entrada outside of only voter turnout.^[seven]

History of the Youth Vote [edit]

Initially, the framers of the U.S. Constitution and land voting laws were skeptical of the part of young people in American politics. States uniformly prepare 21 as the voting age, although Connecticut debated lowering it to eighteen in 1819. In general, young Americans were expected to exist deferential to their elders, and John Adams famously cautioned that expanding suffrage would encourage "lads from twelve to twenty-one" to demand the right to vote.^[viii]

Yet as the suffrage expanded to non-property-holders in the early on 1800s, young people came to play a larger role in politics. During the rise of Jacksonian Democracy, youths often organized Young Men's clubs in support of the Democratic, National Republican, Whig, or Anti-Masonic parties.^[9] Presidential campaigns ofttimes organized torch-lit rallies of thousands of marchers, and analyses of these guild rosters show that members were often in their late teens and early on twenties.^[10] The demands of popular democracy – which often drew voter turnouts above 80% of eligible voters – led political machines to rely on youths as cheap, enthusiastic campaigners for political machines. In 1848, Abraham Lincoln suggested that the Whig Party in Springfield, Illinois, make apply of "the shrewd, wild boys almost town, whether only of historic period or a petty nether historic period."^[xi]

In the mid-to-late 1800s, immature men enthusiastically cast their "virgin vote" when turning 21. Voting was oftentimes seen equally a rite of passage and public declaration of manhood, adulthood, and citizenship. Young African-Americans participated in voting and candidature where they could vote, and young women, though prevented from voting themselves, followed politics closely, read partisan newspapers, and argued politics with the young men in their lives.^[12]

Around the turn of the 20th century, political reformers reduced party's reliance on immature activists in an endeavor to clean upwards politics. Youth turnout fell shortly thereafter, especially amid first time "virgin voters," whose turnout declined 53% between 1888 and 1924.^[13] Equally turnout fell in the early 20th century, young people played less role in candidature.^{[ commendation needed ]} Though individual campaigns, like those of Theodore Roosevelt in 1904, Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1932, and John F. Kennedy in 1960, specifically appealed to youth, political parties by and large showed less systematic interest in the youth vote.

Sustained interest in lowering the voting age began during World War II when Congress passed legislation assuasive young men to exist drafted at the age of xviii. While a few individual states began to let 18-year-old voting earlier the Civil Rights Extension Act of 1970 and 26th Amendment (1971) lowered the voting historic period to eighteen, efforts to lower the voting age more often than not garnered little support.^[14]

Past the late 1960s and early 1970s, young people had shown themselves to be vital political actors and were demanding more of a role in American public life. The qualities associated with youth – young people'southward idealism, lack of "vested interests," and openness to new ideas – came to exist seen as positive qualities for a political organization that seemed to be in crisis. Rising loftier school graduation rates and young people'south increasing access to political information also spurred re-evaluations of 18-year-olds' fitness for voting rights. In add-on, Ceremonious Rights organizations, the National Education Clan, and youth-centered groups formed coalitions that coordinated lobbying and grassroots efforts aimed at lowering the voting age on both the state and national level.^[14]

Since 2004, young American voters take shown a greater and greater propensity to vote in favor of Democratic candidates over their Republican counterparts, with growing sympathy for more than and more progressive ideals as of 2020.^{[fifteen] [16]}

Variables affecting the youth vote in the U.s. [edit]

The lack of youth participation in the voting procedure is not a random phenomenon. There are multiple variables that have an influence on the voting behaviors of youth in the U.s..

Voting process [edit]

The voting procedure has two steps. An eligible voter – a U.South. citizen over the age of 18^[17] – must first annals to vote and so commit the act of voting. The voting procedure is regulated by each land individually and therefore varies from land to state.^[18] The process of registering to vote is unlike depending on the state.^[18] Pre-registration is available to youth under the historic period of eighteen in 20 states and Washington D.C.^[19] Potential voters may too register on Election Twenty-four hours – or on the solar day on which they vote early – in 10 states and Washington, D.C.^[20] This may be washed at the polling place or at an ballot official'southward office.^[20] Residents of the 40 states which do non allow same day registration require potential voters to register past a deadline, typically from eight to 30 days out from the election.^[20] Over half of the states in the U.S. offer some sort or online voter registration.^[21] This consists of the same process as a paper registration form, simply it is digital and sent to election officials to review over the web. This process was first introduced in Arizona in 2002.^[21] There are dissimilar regulations on the time and avenue through which a citizen can vote. Early on voting is available in 33 states and Washington, D.C. This must be done in person at a designated polling identify. Early on voting period lengths vary from state to state.^[22] If a potential voter is non able to vote in person on Election Day or during the early on voting period, they may request an absentee ballot. In 20 states, an excuse must be filed to receive the absentee ballot.^[22] In 27 states and Washington, D.C., a voter may learn an absentee ballot without an excuse. In five states, Colorado, Hawaii, Oregon, Utah and Washington, concord elections almost entirely by mail.^[22] Otherwise, the typical voting period is twelve hours on a weekday at which time voters must go to the polls in person and cast their votes.

Two party system [edit]

The winner-take-all system in the United States has fostered a ii-party organisation and limits the success of 3rd party candidates who may have a difficult time achieving an electoral bulk.^[5] In 1992, Ross Perot, a third political party candidate for president, won 22 per centum of the eighteen–24 year-one-time vote, his strongest functioning amid any demographic grouping.^[5]

Frequent alter of residence [edit]

Between the ages of 18 and 24, youth accept the potential to graduate loftier schoolhouse, move away to higher and change residences multiple times as they begin their career. As youth alter residences often, the local issues and elections relevant to the surface area may not touch the youth withal or exist pregnant and change from residence to residence.^[five] College students confront the decision whether to stay registered in their hometowns or to register in the community in which they will reside.^[5] The fewer federal taxation obligations that apply to youth ages eighteen–24 merely loosely tie them to the government and policy making decisions and practice not entice youth to vote and make a change.^[5]

Lack of candidate contact [edit]

According to a 1998 report, immature people at the time were complaining that those in politics did not communicate with them.^[5] Political candidates and their campaigns know, through past election data, that youth are not a reliable voting group and cull to spend their entrada dollars on those who are more than likely to turn out to vote. For this reason, candidates tend to focus on issues that pertain to their targeted voters to gain their support, farther discouraging youth voters. The discouraged youth complete the cycle of neglect past not turning out to vote, proving to candidates that the youth are not a reliable voting group.^[3] "Elected officials respond to the preferences of voters, not non-voters," therefore ignoring the youth of America who do not plough out to vote.^[1]

Volunteering efforts [edit]

Though many consider voting a civic activity, youth today seem to accept separated the political from the civic.^[three] Youth oftentimes participate in volunteer opportunities, fundraisers and other activist activities. In this fashion, youth can make a difference in their communities and are able to see alter immediately when seeing the larger motion-picture show of a movement, including the political attribute, may exist more than difficult or intangible.^[v]

Efforts to encourage youth vote [edit]

Organizations [edit]

A variety of organizations worked to encourage immature people to vote.^[23] By 2018, Rock the Vote, a platform used past grassroots campaigns,^{[3] [5] [23]} had registered over 7 million votes and gained over 350 partners directing people to its online registration tool.^[24]

Another organization working on registering young voters nationwide is The Civics Center, a sister arrangement of Rock the Vote. It has launched a campaign that engages with over 1,000 schools nationwide.

Efforts earlier the 1970s include:

• Student Nonviolent Analogous Commission
• Black Panthers
• Young Lords
• Youth Liberation of Ann Arbor

Later efforts include:

• 18 in '08
• College Republicans and Higher Democrats of America all over country
• Declare Yourself^[3]
• HeadCount, picked by the Ad Council in 2018 for a spot to be seen by 10 1000000^{[ citation needed ]}
• Hip Hop Summit Action Network^[3]
• Inspire U.South.^[25]
• League of Young Voters
• MTV^[3]
• National Stonewall Democrats^[3]
• New Voters Project^[3]
• New York Public Interest Research Group (NYPIRG)
• Sean Combs's "Vote or Die" campaign^[iii]
• Spitfire Strategies^[three]
• Our Time
• TurboVote.org (with Snapchat and others)^[26]
• When We All Vote, co-chaired by Michelle Obama^[23]
• OneMillionOfUs, founded past Jerome Foster Two^[27]
• Earth Wrestling Entertainment'due south Smackdown Your Vote^[3]
• Immature Voter's Alliance^[three]
• Gen-Z for Change/TikTok for Biden

Campaign strategies [edit]

Because the youth population is so large, many campaigns endeavor to gain their support during elections.^[three] Efforts to capture the youth vote include registration drives, outreach, and specifically youth-friendly policy platforms. An example of a fairly successful voter registration drive would be the "Reggie the Rig" drive by the Republican National Committee in the 2004 election. With a goal of registering three meg new voters, the "Reggie the Rig" motorbus traveled to higher campuses, a place to reach thousands of potential youth voters at one time.^[3] During the same election, the Democrats held their own campus visits, simply instead of focusing on registration, the Kerry entrada spread the discussion about their youth policy platform called Compact with the Next Generation.^[3] The Democrats besides placed targeted ads on TV during shows such equally Sabbatum Nighttime Live and The Daily Show with Jon Stewart.^[3] This targeted campaign on TV has often been supplemented with outreach through the net in modern campaigns. New applied science, especially the internet, is making information technology easier for candidates to accomplish the youth. Information technology has been found that "immature people who encounter campaign data on their own accord and spend time interacting with political material may come up to see themselves interested in politics."^[i]

Immature adults are "over-represented among all computer and Internet users" – iii-fourths of Americans under the age of 18 are able to access a computer and, on boilerplate, utilise it for half an hr a 24-hour interval.^[1] Equally the Cyberspace and computers have become more accessible to youth, such methods have been used to seek and observe information and share information technology on social media sites. Websites such equally Facebook and YouTube non only let youth who don't subscribe to newspapers or picket the evening news to stay on top of the polls, but also allows them to share their opinions of the polls and candidates.^[28] If the utilise of technology were to be fully integrated into politics, the youth and adult groups would be as active in politics.^[1] Online news media, in detail, is believed to have a positive impact on young citizens due to its interactivity.^[29] It not only provides them with the information they need to grade their political beliefs, become more informed regarding democracy, and to gain a better understanding of current problems, but it also provides them with a platform to discuss these ideas with other individuals, non but on a more than localized calibration but too on a global calibration.^[29]

Legislation [edit]

In the Us, there has been legislation passed to assist youth access the vote. The National Voter Registration Human activity (NVRA), often called the "motor-voter" police, passed in 1993, allows those 18 years and older to register to vote at a driver's license role or public assistance bureau.^[5] The police force besides required states to accept a compatible post-in voter registration application.^[five] Additionally, some states have extended the flow in which citizens can vote instead of requiring a vote inside 12 hours on a single twenty-four hour period.^[5]

Two cities in Maryland, Takoma Park and Hyattsville, permit 16 and 17-twelvemonth-olds to vote in local elections.^[30]

See also [edit]

• Youth politics
• Youth suffrage
• Young Voters for the President
• Apathy is Boring, a Canadian non-turn a profit and non-partisan organization that promotes youth involvement in politics

Further reading [edit]

• Caplan, Sheri J. Erstwhile Enough: How 18-Year-Olds Won the Vote & Why it Matters. Heath Hen, 2020. ISBN 978-1-7354-9300-8.
• John B. Holbein and D. Sunshine Hillygus. 2020. Making Young Voters: Converting Borough Attitudes into Civic Activeness. Cambridge Academy Press, ISBN 9781108726337.
• Grinspan, Jon. (2016) The Virgin Vote: How Young Americans Made Democracy Social, Politics Personal, and Voting Popular in the Nineteenth Century. (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press).

References [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b c d e f 1000 h} Iyengar, Shanto; Jackman, Simon (November 2003). "Technology and Politics: Incentives for Youth Participation". International Briefing on Civic Education Research: 1–twenty.
2. ^ Sherman, Robert (Bound 2004). "The Promise of Youth is in the Present". National Civic Review. 93: 50–55. doi:10.1002/ncr.41.
3. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m north o p q r} Walker, Tobi (Spring 2006). ""Make Them Pay Attention to Us": Young Voters and the 2004 Election". National Civic Review. 95: 26–33. doi:x.1002/ncr.128.
4. ^ Klecka, William (1971). "Applying Political Generations to the Study of Political Behavior: A Accomplice Assay". Public Opinion Quarterly. 35 (iii): 369. doi:10.1086/267921.
5. ^ ^{a b c d e f chiliad h i j k l} Strama, Mark (Spring 1998). "Overcoming Cynicism: Youth Participation and Electoral Politics". National Civic Review. 87 (1): 71–77. doi:ten.1002/ncr.87106.
6. ^ Harris, Chris. "Super Tuesday Youth Voter Turnout Triples, Quadruples in Some States." MTV News. retrieved vi Feb 2008.
7. ^ Rankin, David. (2013). US Politics and Generation Y : Engaging the Millennials. Bedrock, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers. ISBN978-ane-62637-875-9. OCLC 1111449559.
8. ^ Adams, John, The Works of John Adams, Second President of the U.s., vol. 9, Ed. quoted in Charles Francis Adams (Boston, 1856), 378.
9. ^ Grinspan, Jon. (2016) The Virgin Vote: How Young Americans Made Commonwealth Social, Politics Personal, and Voting Popular in the Nineteenth Century, (Chapel Hill: Academy of North Carolina Press)
10. ^ Grinspan, Jon. (2009) "'Young Men for War': The Wide Awakes and Lincoln's 1860 Presidential Campaign." Periodical of American History 96, 367.
11. ^ Lincoln Abraham, June 22, 1848, Abraham Lincoln: The Collected Works, Eight Volumes, Ed. Roy P. Basler, (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1953), 1: 491.
12. ^ Grinspan, Jon. (2016) The Virgin Vote.
13. ^ Kleppner, Paul. (1982), Who Voted? The Dynamics of Electoral Turnout, 1870-1980, (New York: Praeger, 1982), 68-9
14. ^ ^{a b} de Schweinitz, Rebecca (2015-05-22), "The Proper Age for Suffrage", Age in America, NYU Printing, pp. 209–236, doi:10.18574/nyu/9781479870011.003.0011, ISBN978-ane-4798-7001-1 , retrieved 2020-07-29
15. ^ Rosentiel, Tom (November xiii, 2008). "Young Voters in the 2008 Election". Prc. Pew Inquiry Center. Retrieved two Jan 2021.
16. ^ Bronner, Laura; Bacon Jr., Perry (Feb 26, 2020). "What Defines the Sanders Coalition". FiveThirtyEight. Nate Silverish. Retrieved 2 January 2021.
17. ^ "Register to Vote". United states of america.gov. U.Due south. Government. Retrieved 9 December 2014.
18. ^ ^{a b} "Elections and Voting". whitehouse.gov . Retrieved 9 December 2014 – via National Archives.
19. ^ "Pre-registration for Young Voters". National Conference of Land Legislatures . Retrieved 9 December 2014.
20. ^ ^{a b c} "Same Day Voter Registration". National Conference of State Legislatures . Retrieved nine December 2014.
21. ^ ^{a b} "Online Voter Registration". National Conference of State Legislatures . Retrieved 9 December 2014.
22. ^ ^{a b c} "Absentee and Early Voting". The National Conference of State Legislatures . Retrieved 9 December 2014.
23. ^ ^{a b c} Schwarz, Hunter. "Voter registration is so hot correct now". CNN . Retrieved 2018-ten-07 .
24. ^ "Online Voter Registration Platform". Retrieved 2018-10-07 .
25. ^ "Inspire U.S".
26. ^ "Snapchat Helped Register Over 400,000 Voters". 2018-10-24.
27. ^ October 22, Grace Baek CBS News; 2020; Am, half-dozen:59. "Within Gen Z'southward fight for climate modify action". www.cbsnews.com . Retrieved 2020-11-22 . {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors listing (link)
28. ^ Von Drehle, David. "Why Young Voters Care Again." Time Magazine. Feb 2008:34-48
29. ^ ^{a b} Holt, Kristoffer; Shehata, Adam; Strömbäck, Jesper; Ljungberg, Elisabet (2013). "Age and the effects of news media attention and social media utilise on political interest and participation: Do social media part as leveller?". European Periodical of Communication. 28: 19–34. doi:10.1177/0267323112465369. S2CID 64283527.
30. ^ http://vote16usa.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Resources.Fact-Sheet.pdf^{[ bare URL PDF ]}

External links [edit]

• Youth Vote Overseas Online registration and ballot request tools for U.S. voters 18–29 living overseas, including students, volunteers and young professionals

What Percentage Registered Voters Are 18-24 Years Old,

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youth_vote_in_the_United_States

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